Brief Introduction

The damaging effects of flooding remain major sources of concern among millions of rice farmers worldwide. The weather change due to various reasons causing unexpected and sudden floods recently in Nigeria has negative impacts on rice farming and people’s life. This research project is to evaluate the effect of flooding on the growth of three varieties of rice grown in Abakaliki Ebonyi State and to see how it influences people and agriculture.

The extent of the damage of flooding on rice is related to at least three factors. The temperature of the water, the amount of water motion, and the duration of the flood. Temperature affects the speed of respiration. The faster the respiration, the quicker the oxygen is depleted and the sooner fermentation begins. Warm water speeds respiration, oxygen use, and cell death. The faster water moves the greater the degree of turbulence. This water turbulence oxygenates the water slightly.

The increasing oxygen content of the water slightly decreases the impact of flooding on plants. The duration of the flood is important because many of the effects of low oxygen on plants are reversible if the duration is not too long. Long durations allow for increased oxygen depletion and the build-up of harmful chemicals. Although local conditions influence the effects, 36 to 48 hours is often the tolerable limit.
In general, rice cannot tolerate flooding better than other plants.

Table of Content

Cover Page……………………………………………………………….
Title Page …………………………………………………………………
Approval Page …………………………………………………………..
Dedication …………………………………………………………………..
Acknowledgement …………………………………………………………
Abstract …………………………………………………………………………..
Table of contents
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION ………………………………………………………………
1.1 Background of the study ……………………………………………….
1.2 Objectives of the study …………………………………………………..
1.3 Justification of the study…………………………………………………..
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW ……………………………………………………….
2.1 Overview of Rice Cropping ……………………………………………
2.2 Effect of Flooding on Rice Growth …………………………………
2.3 Types of Rice Grown ……………………………………………………..
2.4 Techniques of Flood control. ………………………………………..
2.5 Additional traits probably involved in the survival of anaerobic soils …………………………..
2.6 Rice adaptation to anaerobic system……………………………
2.7 Genetic Variation in flooding Tolerance during
germination and Early Growth in Rice……………………………..
2.8 Mobilization of stored carbohydrates……………………………
2.9 Role of Rice hormones under Flooded conditions …………
2.10 Adaptation of Rice to Flooding during establishment.….
2.11 Farmer’s coping Strategies to flood ……………………………
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 MATERIALS AND METHOD …………………………………………….
3.1 Area of study ………………………………………………………………..
3.2 Material ……………………………………………………………………………
3.3 Germination Determination …………………………………………
3.4 Yield of various Varieties …………………………………………….
3.5 Land preparation
3.6 Method …………………………………………………………………………
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION…………………………………………..
4.1 Results ………………………………………………………………………….
4.2 Discussion ……………………………………………………………………..
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION……………………………
5.1 Conclusion ……………………………………………………………………….
5.2 Recommendation ………………………………………………………….
References……………………………………………………………………